A vibrating-sample magnetometer (VSM) (also named M-H Curve Hysteresis Graph Test System) is a scientific instrument that measures magnetic properties based on Faraday’s Law of Induction.
A sample is first placed in a constant magnetic field and if the sample is magnetic it will align its magnetization with the external field. The magnetic dipole moment of the sample creates a magnetic field that changes as a function of time as the sample is moved up and down. This is typically done through the use of a piezoelectric material. The alternating magnetic field induces an electric field in the pickup coils of the VSM. The current is proportional to the magnetization of the sample - the greater the induced current, the greater the magnetization. As a result, the Hysteresis loops of the materials, Magnetization curve, Warming Curve, Cooling curve and the changes in the temperature as time goes away will be recorded, then from there the saturated strength of the magnetization, the left strength of the magnetization, Coercive force, the Max of Magnetic energy product, the Curie temperature and the Magnetic conductivity(the Initial Magnetic conductivity is included ) of the sample can be deduced.
VSM can measure magnetic materials such as powder, particles, films, liquid and the massive.
Main Specifications of Vibrating Sample Magnetometer 1. Measure the scope of the magnetic moment: 10⁻²emu - 300emu（Sensitivity：5×10⁻⁵emu).
2. Relative accuracy (30emu ): better than ±1%
3. Repeatability (30emu): better than ±1%.
4. Stability (30emu): Preheating 24 hours, 24 hours of continuous work superior ±1%.
5. Temperature range: from -196℃ to 900℃.
6. The magnetic Pole pitch for a fixed spacing is 40 mm, and the pole face diameter is 60 mm.
7. Magnetic field: supplied by the electromagnet, from 0 to 3.8T.
Material to be measured 1. Diamagnetic, Paramagnetic, Ferromagnetic, Ferrimagnetic, Antiferromagnetic materials and Anisotropic materials
2. Particulate and continuous magnetic recording materials and GMR, CMR, exchange biased and spin-valve materials
3. Magnetic-optical materials
4. Bulk materials, powders, thin films, single crystals, and liquids are readily accommodated.
Refer to
https://www.dexinmag.com/vibrating_sample_magnetometer 
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